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Source and license notes supplied with these plates. Plate inclusion does not add a study to the review or change its evidence rating.

Sourced imagery — senescence-aging-driver academic infographics

Compiled 2026-10-10. Everything below is real, openly licensed scientific imagery/data. No fabricated content. Page review: reviews/senescence-aging-driver.html.

Molecular structures — PDB entries (kept)

PDB coordinate files are public domain per wwPDB policy (https://www.wwpdb.org/about/pdb-data-use). Renders were produced for this page (PyMOL, black-background cartoon style); cite the deposition paper when displaying.

File Structure Deposition authors Paper
pdb_new/1BI7-p16-cdk6.png Tumour suppressor p16INK4a in complex with CDK6 Russo AA, Tong L, Lee JO, Jeffrey PD, Pavletich NP Russo AA et al. "Structural basis for inhibition of the cyclin-dependent kinase Cdk6 by the tumour suppressor p16INK4a." Nature. 1998;395:237–243. doi:10.1038/26274
pdb_new/1ALU-il6.png Interleukin-6 (SASP-associated secreted signal) Somers WS, Stahl M, Seehra JS Somers WS et al. "1.9 Å crystal structure of interleukin 6: implications for a novel mode of receptor dimerization and signaling." EMBO J. 1997;16:989–997. doi:10.1093/emboj/16.5.989

Required attribution lines (printed on the graphic): "PDB 1BI7 · Russo AA et al., Nature 1998 · public-domain coordinates, rendered for this page" and "PDB 1ALU · Somers WS et al., EMBO J. 1997 · public-domain coordinates, rendered for this page".

Photomicrographs / published figures (kept)

File What it shows Source DOI / PMCID License Required attribution line
fra-sa-bgal.png SA-β-gal staining (blue) marking senescent cells in muscle tissue of ageing rats Fan J et al., Oncotarget, via Wikimedia Commons — (figure reused via Commons upload) CC BY 3.0 "Fan J et al., Oncotarget, CC BY 3.0, via Wikimedia Commons"
wi38-ys-sidebyside.png (derived from wi38-senescence.png) Fig 1A from the paper: β-galactosidase activity in young (Y, pdl 22) vs senescent (S, pdl 52) WI-38 human diploid fibroblasts; the two micrographs placed side by side from the original figure (derivative crop) Marasa BS, Srikantan S, Martindale JL, Kim MM, Lee EK, Gorospe M, Abdelmohsen K. "MicroRNA profiling in human diploid fibroblasts uncovers miR-519 role in replicative senescence." Aging (Albany NY). 2010;2:333–343 doi:10.18632/aging.100159 · PMCID: PMC2919253 · PMID: 20606251 CC BY (open-access article under the Creative Commons Attribution License, per the PMC page) "Marasa BS et al., Aging 2010, CC BY, via PMC2919253"

Honesty note (also captioned on the graphics): cells and tissue only — a changed senescence marker is not a proven longer or healthier human life.

Rejected candidates (not kept)

Candidate Why rejected
Ly et al. 2018, Cell Reports (PMC6082376), Figs 1/2/6 CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 — not permitted (CC0/CC-BY only). Files deleted
Full-length human lifespan charts (web) Hard rules: no fabricated numerical charts; removal-extending-human-life is the unresolved claim