Selected publication milestones, not an exhaustive history or discovery priority claim.
2011 — Measured adolescent BMI linked prospectively to later colon risk; exposure age and diagnosis age remain distinct. Original PMID22056504.
2011 — Early-adult BMI associations occur in mismatch-repair carriers and noncarriers; hereditary ascertainment remains separate. Original PMID21559014.
2015 — Early-life fatness associations differ by sex in two cohorts and mainly later-life outcomes. Original PMID25777804.
2016 — Measured adolescent BMI and inflammatory ESR predict later CRC in Swedish men. Original PMID25986947.
2016 — Adult-adiposity MR supports a broader CRC causal link rather than an age-specific intervention effect. Original PMID27427428.
2017 — Unselected EOCRC germline testing finds a real susceptibility subgroup without explaining a secular trend. Original PMID27978560.
2017 — Measured childhood BMI is associated with adult colon, but not rectal, cancer. Original PMID28803329.
2019 — NHSII directly observes a prospective adiposity gradient for CRC before50 in women. Original PMID30326010.
2020 — Isogenic-control human organoid exposure identifies a colibactin mutation signature matching human tumors. Original PMID32106218.
2020 — Sex/site-specific adult-adiposity MR supports overall CRC causality under instrument assumptions. Original PMID33327948.
2021 — Claims-based metabolic syndrome associates with EOCRC but does not isolate adiposity. Original PMID33037055.
2021 — A sulfur-microbial dietary score associates with early adenomas, not a direct clinical cancer outcome. Original PMID34273347.
2022 — Large Swedish antibiotic analysis finds no conclusive overall EOCRC association. Original PMID35029165.
2022 — German early-adult obesity associations use a<55 outcome threshold. Original PMID34914944.
2023 — Age-specific susceptibility GWAS does not constitute MR of adiposity. Original PMID36869385.
2024 — Inherited repair deficiency establishes a distinct high-risk early-cancer context. Original PMID38552658.
2024 — Adhesin perturbation narrows a colibactin carcinogenic mechanism in a predisposed mouse model. Original PMID39506107.
2025 — Human genomic signatures link historical colibactin mutagenesis with younger tumors, distinct from current bacteria. Original PMID40267983.
2025 — Histological reclassification contributes materially to some local young-age incidence trends. Original PMID41191353.
2025 — Early-childhood BMI MR is near-null for all-age CRC, distinguishing timing from adult adiposity. Original PMID39587448.
2026 — Pooled European cohort establishes sex/site heterogeneity but defines early onset as<55. Original PMID41422343.
2026 — AllofUs shows no age-specific BMI interaction; this is not proof of a zero overall effect. Original PMID42610385.
2026 — UPF association concerns early conventional adenomas and not serrated lesions. Original PMID41231486.
A causal-instrument estimate matching strictly under50 CRC and timed prediagnostic adiposity.
Absolute risk and effect heterogeneity by sex, site, ancestry and inherited background without outcome-defined scopes.
Distinguishing childhood adiposity effects from persistent adult exposure and correlated diet/activity.
A valid population decomposition of how much adiposity contributes to secular incidence, separating detection and histological classification.
Independent diet, antibiotic-class/timing and specific microbial exposure causal tests; precursor outcomes and diagnostic signatures remain separate.
Mechanism-specific prevention consequences in humans, without transferring susceptible-mouse or transplanted progression results to spontaneous young-age initiation.
A preregistered consortium analysis combining measured repeated adiposity before diagnosis with an age-stratified valid genetic/natural-experiment design, explicitly reporting colorectal cancer diagnosed before50 and separating adult from childhood exposure, sex, colon/rectum, ancestry, hereditary syndromes and screening/diagnostic contact.