{
  "completed": true,
  "status": "completed_original_source_reconciliation",
  "provider_mode": "Consensus Pro signed-in browser; observed output and citation link mappings",
  "queries": [
    "https://consensus.app/search/oral-berberine-glycemic-control/7C9rZ-OjQZqlWCOD1oKQbg/"
  ],
  "query_record_note": "Exact provider question/response retained privately in its retrieval receipt.",
  "primary_comparison_count": 9,
  "primary_comparisons": [
    {
      "pmid": "33024120",
      "doi": "10.1038/s41467-020-18414-8",
      "source_type": "primary study report",
      "study_group": "PREMOTE_NCT02861261",
      "access_depth": "full_text_partial",
      "consensus_aspect": "PREMOTE randomized incremental efficacy and common antibiotic background",
      "result_comparison": "Consensus accurately identified the common seven-day gentamicin run-in and within-arm HbA1c changes. Original Methods/Results verify concealed double-blind allocation, drug-naive baseline T2D and synthesized1.2g/day berberine for12weeks. The treatment contrast is approximately0.40 percentage points beyond placebo, not the entire0.99-point fall.391 of409 contributed to the primary analysis. Microbial/metabolite associations do not establish uniquely necessary human mediation. The provider's100% meter across11 items is neither a probability that this mechanism is true nor an examined-original count.",
      "original_source": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33024120/",
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    {
      "pmid": "34923903",
      "doi": "10.1080/19490976.2021.2003176",
      "source_type": "primary study report",
      "study_group": "PREMOTE_NCT02861261",
      "access_depth": "abstract_metadata",
      "consensus_aspect": "PREMOTE secondary lipid report and duplicate-parent control",
      "result_comparison": "Consensus correctly separated lipid synergy from glycemic superiority. The original abstract explicitly identifies365 participants from PREMOTE, so the report is counted as an original secondary analysis of the same parent trial rather than a new independent glycemic RCT. Its Bifidobacterium/fadD and postprandial lipid findings do not show that probiotics improve HbA1c beyond berberine, and are not cardiovascular event results.",
      "original_source": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34923903/",
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    {
      "pmid": "18442638",
      "doi": "10.1016/j.metabol.2008.01.013",
      "source_type": "primary study report",
      "study_group": "PMID18442638",
      "access_depth": "abstract_metadata",
      "consensus_aspect": "Metformin pilot and uncontrolled add-on component",
      "result_comparison": "Consensus accurately reports36 randomized new-T2D patients and48 add-on patients. The original abstract distinguishes the active-comparator pilot from the uncontrolled add-on study. Similar changes in the pilot do not demonstrate powered noninferiority, and the whole within-arm HbA1c fall cannot be attributed to the drug without a concurrent comparison. Metformin comparison does not establish modern GLP-1 equivalence. The attempted public XML body retrieval failed; this comparison has abstract/status access only.",
      "original_source": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18442638/",
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    },
    {
      "pmid": "40029660",
      "doi": "10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.62185",
      "source_type": "primary study report",
      "study_group": "HTD1801_T2D_12week_phaseII",
      "access_depth": "full_text_partial",
      "consensus_aspect": "BUDCA formulation and actual dose-specific HbA1c results",
      "result_comparison": "Consensus correctly names HTD1801 as berberine ursodeoxycholate and reports the high-dose placebo-adjusted0.7-percentage-point HbA1c benefit. Original Methods/Results show113 randomized T2D patients,12weeks and lower-dose0.4-point effect. Weight remained stable. This is a valid distinct-formulation trial, not isolated ordinary-berberine efficacy or evidence of GLP-1-equivalent weight loss. The approximate trial effect does not establish reduced complications.",
      "original_source": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40029660/",
      "source_examination_receipts": [
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    {
      "pmid": "41543854",
      "doi": "10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.54152",
      "source_type": "primary study report",
      "study_group": "PMID41543854",
      "access_depth": "full_text_partial",
      "consensus_aspect": "Large diabetes-free obesity null omitted from synthesis",
      "result_comparison": "Despite the question naming the2026 study, the observed Consensus response did not discuss this337-person ordinary-berberine trial and instead used a different multi-ingredient obesity example. Original Methods/Results verify six-month null effects on visceral fat,liver fat,body composition and glycemic measures, with small lipid/CRP changes. Diabetes was excluded, and an active run-in selected tolerant adherers. This omission matters for broad weight-loss and safety narratives; it does not refute the registered baseline-T2D glycemic effect.",
      "original_source": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41543854/",
      "source_examination_receipts": [
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    {
      "pmid": "24250489",
      "doi": "",
      "source_type": "primary study report",
      "study_group": "PMID24250489",
      "access_depth": "abstract_metadata",
      "consensus_aspect": "Fruit-extract HbA1c null and molecular scope",
      "result_comparison": "Consensus accurately reports that Berberis fruit extract improved fasting glucose/lipids but not HbA1c. The original31-person three-month trial confirms a between-arm HbA1c null. The exposure was3g/day multicomponent fruit extract, so it is kept as a formulation boundary rather than a pure-berberine T2D null used to erase placebo-controlled drug results.",
      "original_source": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24250489/",
      "source_examination_receipts": [
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    {
      "pmid": "37679692",
      "doi": "10.1186/s12902-023-01442-y",
      "source_type": "primary study report",
      "study_group": "PMID37679692",
      "access_depth": "abstract_metadata",
      "consensus_aspect": "Prediabetes pilot versus disease prevention",
      "result_comparison": "Consensus reports normalization of prediabetic markers after84days, matching the34-person pilot abstract. Baseline prediabetes, small sample and branded exposure differ from the registered T2D lead. Moving markers below diagnostic thresholds does not establish prevention of future diabetes, durable remission or complication reduction.",
      "original_source": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37679692/",
      "source_examination_receipts": [
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    },
    {
      "pmid": "34556670",
      "doi": "10.1038/s41467-021-25952-2",
      "source_type": "primary study report",
      "study_group": "KCNH6_models_and_NCT03972215",
      "access_depth": "full_text_partial",
      "consensus_aspect": "Unresolved chronic mediation and correction status",
      "result_comparison": "The question requested KCNH6 and its correction, but the observed provider response did not adjudicate them. Original selected Methods/Results verify acute high-dose global/beta-cell mouse knockout dependence and a single-dose clamp in15 healthy men, not chronic human T2D pathway necessity. Attached correction34716337 was actually read and changes only the author-name spelling Tetsuro Izumi. It adds no primary-study count and does not change numerical results.",
      "original_source": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34556670/",
      "source_examination_receipts": [
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      "body_receipts": [
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      ]
    },
    {
      "pmid": "24791752",
      "doi": "10.1007/s00394-014-0706-z",
      "source_type": "primary study report",
      "study_group": "PMID24791752",
      "access_depth": "abstract_metadata",
      "consensus_aspect": "Ingredient engagement cannot validate exact triple stack",
      "result_comparison": "Consensus states that dedicated stack trials are lacking. The original glutathione trial shows increased stores in54 healthy adults after six months, with immune-marker subset results. It tests direct glutathione alone, not berberine/NMN synergy or net clinical benefit. Separate ingredient trials and provider links cannot substitute for an exact combination comparison.",
      "original_source": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24791752/",
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  "grade_changed": false,
  "grade_change_note": "Source-based adjudication; no independent blinded regrade claimed.",
  "raw_receipts": [
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  "independent_blinded_audit": false,
  "cutoff": "2026-10-13",
  "completed_utc": "2026-10-13T17:35:23.262180+00:00",
  "conclusion": "Endpoint hierarchy, experimental scope and original-source limits determine the evidence cards; provider wording does not override them."
}