{
  "title": "What this review means",
  "includeSubclaimIllustrations": false,
  "redteamReviewed": true,
  "accessNotice": "Source checking used bounded original primary abstract passages/status records and selected original partial-body passages. No complete-abstract or complete-paper audit, or independent scientific peer review, is claimed. Detailed access counts and limitations appear in the review.",
  "overview": "Sham-controlled venoplasty has not demonstrated MS disability benefit; a positive MRI reanalysis remains a bounded lead, while objective vascular and device complications establish that treatment can cause harm.",
  "implications": "Preregistered primary-SC3 aggregation returns Β: meaningful flow/MRI evidence is retained, but clinical benefit is not demonstrated and sham improvement supplies a more parsimonious explanation for uncontrolled subjective response. A single Step11 downgrade from the Γ mechanistic/proxy starting point is explicit. Weakest-link aggregation would return Α because SC1 universal reproducibility/specificity fails; procedural injury Ε is separate and cannot determine a benefit score.",
  "limitations": "69 primary reports with 8 selected partial-body examinations; density, heterogeneous controls and incomplete access set the confidence, not correctness. The grade applies to the exact registered claim; stronger findings for narrower subclaims remain separate. No complete-paper audit or blinded calibration is claimed. This educational review does not establish an individual treatment recommendation."
}