# Magnesium Forms, Sleep and Stress

Magnesium has small, inconsistent sleep benefits in controlled studies; glycinate/threonate superiority and a proven human neural mediator are not established.

The registered clinical subclaim SC2 supports Δ with Moderate confidence. A prospectively registered, placebo-controlled bisglycinate trial found a small improvement on its validated primary insomnia score. The studied formulation effect does not establish a large clinically meaningful benefit, a deficiency-only response boundary, salt superiority or magnesium-ion mediation. Mixed and null findings, plus limited objective replication, prevent a stronger clinical claim.

The evidence includes varied formulations, ages, clinical conditions, dietary/serum status, doses and short horizons. These are not interchangeable replications. A consistent human deficiency-dependent benefit boundary has not been mapped: Nielsen has no supplement-specific global PSQI effect, and the bisglycinate dietary interaction is exploratory and based on a non-validated question. The older trial selected low dietary intake and serumMg<0.95mmol/L, which is not a definition proving every participant had clinical hypomagnesemia. Salt superiority, brain delivery and long-term functional recovery remain separate.