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      "pmid": "35215405",
      "doi": "10.3390/nu14040755",
      "source_type": "primary study report",
      "study_group": "NMN-UMIN000038097",
      "access_depth": "full_text_partial",
      "consensus_aspect": "Within-group effect versus NMN/placebo efficacy",
      "result_comparison": "Observed Consensus appropriately notes the weak between-group interpretation. Actual original M/R identify physical outcomes as secondary, a nominal sit-to-stand interaction, Bonferroni posthoc within-arm improvement in every group, and largest pre/post Cohen d for NMN-afternoon. A largest within-arm effect is not a demonstrated NMN-placebo treatment difference; sleep primary interaction is also null.",
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      "study_group": "NMN-UMIN000038097",
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      "consensus_aspect": "Eligibility and analysis completeness",
      "result_comparison": "Original Methods actually require ≥65 independently mobile adults without long-term care; three dropouts are carried forward from baseline in ITT. This supports registered age/duration eligibility but does not establish no attrition bias or all older disease populations. Provider subgroup/general-function wording remains bounded to this experiment.",
      "original_source": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35215405/",
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    {
      "pmid": "35927255",
      "doi": "10.1038/s41514-022-00084-z",
      "source_type": "primary study report",
      "study_group": "NMN-UMIN000036321",
      "access_depth": "full_text_partial",
      "consensus_aspect": "Only twenty completed versus allocation-related data exclusion",
      "result_comparison": "Provider describes twenty completed with a post-week-six deviation. Original M/R identify42randomized and a supplier cross-switch in eleven participants per arm, excluding their week-twelve data and leaving10per arm. This is not ordinary20of42follow-up completion; compromised assigned exposure and baseline balance must be explicit.",
      "original_source": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35927255/",
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      "pmid": "35927255",
      "doi": "10.1038/s41514-022-00084-z",
      "source_type": "primary study report",
      "study_group": "NMN-UMIN000036321",
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      "consensus_aspect": "Nominal physical effects and ≥eight-week gate",
      "result_comparison": "Original Methods make NAD/body composition primary and function secondary, and explicitly apply no multiple-comparison correction. Gait and left-grip mixed-model signals are exploratory; six-week left-grip/chair-stand findings cannot alone satisfy ≥eight-week registration. Twelve-week gait remains a tentative signal with the small valid sample, rather than certain replicated strength benefit.",
      "original_source": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35927255/",
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    {
      "pmid": "38789831",
      "doi": "10.1007/s11357-024-01204-1",
      "source_type": "primary study report",
      "study_group": "NMN-UMIN000047871",
      "access_depth": "full_text_partial",
      "consensus_aspect": "Null stepping primary and actual controlled secondary gait",
      "result_comparison": "Provider accurately separates the null primary and gait secondary. DOI-matched original PDF M/R actually confirm ages65–75 and baseline-adjusted ANCOVA; stepping, grip and total SPPB scores are null, while four-metre time is positive. The registered review allows gait, so secondary status constrains certainty rather than silently adding a primary-only gate.",
      "original_source": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38789831/",
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    {
      "pmid": "38789831",
      "doi": "10.1007/s11357-024-01204-1",
      "source_type": "primary study report",
      "study_group": "NMN-UMIN000047871",
      "access_depth": "full_text_partial",
      "consensus_aspect": "Missing observations and multiplicity",
      "result_comparison": "Original Results designate all60as efficacy set but report unavailable measurements, including two placebo participants at week12. Original statistics analyze baseline-adjusted timepoints and only twelve-week-positive variables at four weeks; no familywise correction is stated in the examined passage. Provider robust-benefit caution is appropriate, but no unexamined complete-data or correction analysis is claimed.",
      "original_source": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38789831/",
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    {
      "pmid": "36443648",
      "doi": "10.1111/ggi.14513",
      "source_type": "primary study report",
      "study_group": "PMID36443648",
      "access_depth": "abstract_metadata",
      "consensus_aspect": "Direct older-diabetic function null",
      "result_comparison": "Provider correctly describes the24-week250mgolder-diabetes impaired-function trial. Examined original abstract retains primary grip/walk nulls, fourteen participants and borderline exploratory observations. Small power limits precise exclusion, but frailty/retinal trends cannot be promoted into a positive primary or erase healthy-context signals. No body access is claimed.",
      "original_source": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36443648/",
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      "pmid": "33888596",
      "doi": "10.1126/science.abe9985",
      "source_type": "primary study report",
      "study_group": "PMID33888596",
      "access_depth": "abstract_metadata",
      "consensus_aspect": "Clamp physiology versus physical function",
      "result_comparison": "Provider correctly distinguishes prediabetic insulin-sensitivity physiology from older physical efficacy. Original abstract reports clamp/signaling/remodeling benefits, rather than a strength/gait/capacity result. Any additional claim of measured grip/fatigability nulls needs the corresponding original passages; absence from our examined abstract is not a measured null.",
      "original_source": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33888596/",
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      "pmid": "34238308",
      "doi": "10.1186/s12970-021-00442-4",
      "source_type": "primary study report",
      "study_group": "PMID34238308",
      "access_depth": "abstract_metadata",
      "consensus_aspect": "Ventilatory threshold versus VO2max",
      "result_comparison": "Original younger/middle-aged six-week runner abstract supports selected ventilatory-threshold improvements while VO2max, O2-pulse and peak power do not differ. Provider aerobic-capacity wording must preserve exact readouts, training and out-of-scope duration/age rather than treating every fitness endpoint as positive.",
      "original_source": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34238308/",
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      "pmid": "38871717",
      "doi": "10.1038/s41467-024-49092-5",
      "source_type": "primary study report",
      "study_group": "PMID38871717",
      "access_depth": "abstract_metadata",
      "consensus_aspect": "Provider broad NR-null summary versus genuine PAD benefit",
      "result_comparison": "Provider warns correctly against merging NMN and NR, but its adjacent summary broadly emphasizes NR functional nulls. The actual NICE original abstract reports a six-month NR-PAD walking benefit, with a one-sided90%interval and distinct adherent-subgroup analysis. This specific positive is retained, with its indexed erratum attached and no transfer to NMN or human longevity.",
      "original_source": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38871717/",
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      "pmid": "42532077",
      "doi": "10.1016/j.lanhl.2026.100883",
      "source_type": "primary study report",
      "study_group": "PMID42532077",
      "access_depth": "abstract_metadata",
      "consensus_aspect": "Metformin add-on versus lifestyle contrast",
      "result_comparison": "Provider correctly cites metformin older-function nulls. Actual DEMFOS abstract shows intensive-lifestyle-plus-metformin superiority over less intensive lifestyle, but no advantage over matched intensive-lifestyle-plus-placebo. The useful lifestyle effect cannot be assigned to metformin.",
      "original_source": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42532077/",
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    {
      "pmid": "40147475",
      "doi": "10.1016/j.lanhl.2025.100695",
      "source_type": "primary study report",
      "study_group": "PMID40147475",
      "access_depth": "abstract_metadata",
      "consensus_aspect": "Clinical null and tolerability boundary",
      "result_comparison": "Provider retains the frail-older metformin null and poor tolerability. Original abstract gives a near-zero gait contrast, more observed admissions and an unrelated adjudicated death. These disease-specific findings are relevant harms/function boundaries, not proof of harm or inefficacy for every diabetic use or NMN.",
      "original_source": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40147475/",
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  "conclusion": "Endpoint hierarchy, experimental scope and original-source limits determine the evidence cards; provider wording does not override them."
}