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    {
      "pmid": "27071971",
      "doi": "10.1136/bmj.i1246",
      "source_type": "primary study report",
      "study_group": "Minnesota_Coronary_Experiment",
      "access_depth": "full_text_partial",
      "consensus_aspect": "Consensus calls the cholesterol-death association within-arm and describes9423participants without adequately separating the recovered analyses.",
      "result_comparison": "Actual original Methods/Results show that the detailed longitudinal cohort comprised2355people exposed for at least one year, full randomized raw data were not recovered, and the adjusted cholesterol-death association pooled both arms with no detected cholesterol-by-arm interaction. This is observational mediator covariance, not randomized proof that cholesterol lowering causes death. The broader9423cohort's mortality graphs and the149partially recovered autopsies are separate evidence components.",
      "original_source": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27071971/",
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    {
      "pmid": "23386268",
      "doi": "10.1136/bmj.e8707",
      "source_type": "primary study report",
      "study_group": "PMID23386268",
      "access_depth": "full_text_partial",
      "consensus_aspect": "Consensus says Sydney significantly increased all-cause mortality along with coronary mortality.",
      "result_comparison": "Actual selected original Results give all-causeP=.051, a borderline result rounded in the abstract; coronary and cardiovascular mortality contrasts were significant. The458men, median39-month horizon and highLA safflower-oil/margarine intervention are verified, while usual-modern-oil toxicity and an inflammatory mediator are not demonstrated.",
      "original_source": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23386268/",
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    {
      "pmid": "2643423",
      "doi": "10.1161/01.atv.9.1.129",
      "source_type": "primary study report",
      "study_group": "Minnesota_Coronary_Experiment",
      "access_depth": "abstract_metadata",
      "consensus_aspect": "Consensus describes Minnesota as lipid lowering without clinical benefit.",
      "result_comparison": "The original1989trial abstract agrees for overall cardiovascular events and mortality. It also reports a mean dietary exposure of384days despite the longer trial, and the institutional food replacement changed several lipid-related features. The1989and2016reports belong to one parent trial; the recovered report's meta-analysis does not count as an additional original clinical experiment.",
      "original_source": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2643423/",
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      "pmid": "393644",
      "doi": "10.1093/ije/8.2.99",
      "source_type": "primary study report",
      "study_group": "Finnish_Mental_Hospital_periods",
      "access_depth": "abstract_metadata",
      "consensus_aspect": "Consensus groups classic historical diets as randomized clinical oil trials and mentions their design limitations.",
      "result_comparison": "The actual Finnish abstract describes one hospital on the diet, the other as control, then reversal after six years. Despite anRCTmetadata tag, this is treated as a controlled hospital-period natural experiment, with the male favourable result retained and the women's nonsignificant report grouped under the same parent programme.",
      "original_source": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/393644/",
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      "pmid": "26016869",
      "doi": "10.3945/ajcn.114.097089",
      "source_type": "primary study report",
      "study_group": "DIVAS_NCT01478958",
      "access_depth": "abstract_metadata",
      "consensus_aspect": "Consensus says vegetable-oil substitution reliably lowers LDLand warns that biomarkers do not guarantee survival benefit.",
      "result_comparison": "The originalDIVAStrial confirms16-week isoenergetic replacement and lower LDLbut a null primary flow-mediated-dilatation endpoint. Its17-20%mortality reduction was estimated from lipid change, not observed. This source supports experimental lipid response, not a coronary-event crossing.",
      "original_source": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26016869/",
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      "pmid": "22492369",
      "doi": "10.3945/ajcn.111.030114",
      "source_type": "primary study report",
      "study_group": "PMID22492369",
      "access_depth": "abstract_metadata",
      "consensus_aspect": "Consensus says human feeding studies largely contradict a blanket LA-induced systemic-inflammation claim.",
      "result_comparison": "The original67-person randomized isocaloric trial found lower liver fat and selected inflammatory signals with vegetableomega6versus butter and no reported oxidative-stress or proinflammatory signal. Some lipid findings were restricted to postrandomization compliant participants. Short markers cannot prove universal safety or long-term event protection, but the unfavourable-inflammation prediction did not hold in this experiment.",
      "original_source": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22492369/",
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    {
      "pmid": "34934897",
      "doi": "10.1093/cdn/nzab133",
      "source_type": "primary study report",
      "study_group": "PMID34934897",
      "access_depth": "full_text_partial",
      "consensus_aspect": "Consensus correctly identifies a self-selected2029-person carnivore survey with perceived benefits and elevated median LDLin a subset.",
      "result_comparison": "Actual original Methods confirm recruitment through existing carnivore social-media communities and at least six months of diet maintenance, with self-reported measurements and no balanced-diet control. Selected Results retain perceived benefits, improved glycemic reports and high LDLwithout converting these into adjudicated long-term cardiovascular superiority.",
      "original_source": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34934897/",
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    {
      "pmid": "7911176",
      "doi": "10.1016/s0140-6736(94)92580-1",
      "source_type": "primary study report",
      "study_group": "Lyon_Diet_Heart_605",
      "access_depth": "abstract_metadata",
      "consensus_aspect": "Consensus discusses mixedomega3/omega6diets separately from pureLAand notes composition confounding.",
      "result_comparison": "The originalLyonallocated programme lowered coronary events while LAintake decreased and ALA/oleic exposure increased, with similar serum lipids. It is a positive whole-pattern result and does not prove LAharm. More generally, our registered claim is LA-rich oils, not pureLA, so anALA-containing oil is not excluded merely for containingALA.",
      "original_source": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7911176/",
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    {
      "pmid": "33924952",
      "doi": "10.3390/nu13051490",
      "source_type": "primary study report",
      "study_group": "UKBiobank_and_CARDIoGRAM_fatty_acid_instruments",
      "access_depth": "abstract_metadata",
      "consensus_aspect": "Consensus's brief clinical summary does not resolve the differing circulating-fatty-acid MRresults.",
      "result_comparison": "The examined originalMRreports favourable linoleic-CAD estimates using allele scores and pleiotropy-robust summary methods. It is retained as causal-inference support, while the exposure is lifelong circulating metabolism rather than assigned isocaloric oil replacement. It does not independently verify the clinical dietary bridge.",
      "original_source": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33924952/",
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    {
      "pmid": "35692035",
      "doi": "10.1186/s12916-022-02399-w",
      "source_type": "primary study report",
      "study_group": "UKBiobank_PUFA_GWAS_instrument",
      "access_depth": "abstract_metadata",
      "consensus_aspect": "Consensus emphasizes heterogeneous trial and biomarker evidence but does not identify this conflicting largeMRanalysis in its brief response.",
      "result_comparison": "The originallargePUFAGWAS/MRreport found inconsistent linoleic estimates across methods and endpoints and important LDL/FADSlocus sensitivity. Those assumptions and shared metabolic pathways are examined rather than treating everyMRpaper as either simple association or independently convergent proof.",
      "original_source": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35692035/",
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    {
      "pmid": "30624587",
      "doi": "10.1093/ajcn/nqy287",
      "source_type": "primary study report",
      "study_group": "PMID30624587",
      "access_depth": "abstract_metadata",
      "consensus_aspect": "Consensus says controlled interventions do not elevate systemic inflammatory biomarkers in general.",
      "result_comparison": "FADSDIETprovides a relevant qualification: short CRPand fatty-acid responses differed byFADS1genotype among62men receiving enrichment. There was no randomized saturated-fat comparator and no clinical coronary inflammatory endpoint. The result narrows a universal no-marker-response claim without establishing usual-intake clinical harm.",
      "original_source": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30624587/",
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    {
      "pmid": "33687534",
      "doi": "10.1007/s00394-021-02526-y",
      "source_type": "primary study report",
      "study_group": "PMID33687534",
      "access_depth": "abstract_metadata",
      "consensus_aspect": "Consensus's brief overview calls the evidence conflicting but highlights recovered clinical trials more than prospective adipose-exposure nulls.",
      "result_comparison": "The originalDanishcase-cohort study found no adiposeLAassociation with infarction after16years or shorter horizons. That null is retained alongside favourableCHSandEPICNorfolkassociations, preventing selective citation of only positive or adverse cohorts.",
      "original_source": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33687534/",
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      "pmid": "21816117",
      "doi": "10.1017/S0007114511003837",
      "source_type": "primary study report",
      "study_group": "PMID21816117",
      "access_depth": "abstract_metadata",
      "consensus_aspect": "Consensus identifies replacement-comparator and dietary-context gaps.",
      "result_comparison": "The originalDutch20,069-person study found no coronary incidence association across LAintake differences mainly replacing carbohydrate. It is not a randomized saturated-fat replacement trial, so its null cannot directly refute the registered oil-swap proposition.",
      "original_source": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21816117/",
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  "completed_utc": "2026-10-13T17:02:52.583019+00:00",
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